The principles of scientific thinking are a set of guidelines that help scientists to effectively solve problems and answer questions. The six principles are: observation, experimentation, induction, deduction, replication, and parsimony.
Observation is the first principle of scientific thinking. Scientists must be able to observe the world around them in order to identify patterns and make deductions. Experimentation is the second principle. Scientists must be able to test their hypotheses using controlled experiments. Induction is the third principle. This is when scientists use their observations to form general conclusions about how the world works. Deduction is the fourth principle. This is when scientists use logic and reasoning to draw specific conclusions from their general observations or experiments. Replication is the fifth principle of scientific thinking. In order for a conclusion to be considered valid, it must be replicated by other scientists in different circumstances. Parsimony is the sixth and final principle of scientific thinking. This means that scientists should always choose the simplest explanation for their observations or data.”